Describe Holmes and Rahe’s (1967) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Srrs) and Describe to What Extent It Is a Valid Taxonomy of the Causes of Stress

Depict Holmes and Rahe’s (1967) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) and portray how much it is a substantial scientific classification of the reasons for pressure. The main five unpleasant occasions, which can occur in an individual’s life, are arranged as ‘death of a spouse’, ‘divorce’, ‘martial separation’, ‘jail term’, and ‘death of a nearby family member’. Likewise, occasions, for example, ‘vacation’ and ‘change in eating habits’ are viewed as minor life changes on the scale. Every occasion is ascribed to a self-assertive worth or ‘LCU’ (Life Change Units) extending from one to a hundred. From this, an individual is given a total score dependent on the entirety of the distressing occasions which have transpired over the earlier year. Individuals with a whole of between 200 and 300 life change units should create significant medical issues. Individuals scoring more than one hundred units are probably going to endure a moderate time of sick wellbeing (Holmes and Rahe, 1967). It tends to be said that there is an impressive predisposition in a portion of the things on the rundown of life occasions, preferring grown-ups over more youthful people. Obviously, young people experience the ill effects of pressure, yet it is unconvincing to contend that they have to adapt to events, for example, ‘death of a spouse’, ‘divorce’ or ‘marital separation’ and all things considered, they won't find ‘vacation’ distressing yet the direct inverse. It additionally ought to be noticed that unpleasant occasions including ‘exams pressures’ and ‘concerns about weight or appearance’ are excluded from the forty-three life occasions, and these can be impressively distressing for more youthful individuals. This repeats the way that a few things should be added to the model, for this scale to be progressively generalisable in describing the reasons for pressure. References

The Needs Of Older People In Palliative Care Nursing Essay

The Needs Of Older People In Palliative Care Nursing Essay Around the world, populaces are encountering an expansion in future with related genuine constant diseases towards the finish of life (World Health Organization (WHO), 2011). In the UK, 457,000 individuals require palliative consideration benefits yearly, anyway there are huge weaknesses in giving consideration to each one of those out of luck. In an ongoing study, by the Palliative Care Funding Review (2011), it was evaluated that 92,000 individuals are not being reached by palliative consideration administrations. Following quite a while of declining passing rates, we currently face the double segment difficulties of expanding future and a slope in incessant diseases towards the end phase of life. Subsequently an ascent in patients with progressively complex medicinal services necessities could be normal. Palliative consideration advocates a comprehensive, issue based methodology for patients confronting fatal illness so as to improve personal satisfaction and indication control (WHO, 2009). Studies have demonstrated that, notwithstanding getting the most ideal treatment, patients need to be drawn closer as people and have self-sufficiency with respect to choices influencing their consideration (Gomes and Higginson, 2008). This exposition means to talk about how a maturing populace will impact the conveyance of physiotherapy to the more established individual in palliative consideration. It will address the present fundamental elements required to address the issues of the more established individual while additionally assess the boundaries forestalling access to physiotherapy benefits in palliative consideration. The job of the physiotherapist will be assessed regarding suitable and current medicinal services arrangements. So as to talk about gathering the requirements of the more seasoned individual, it is basic to build up a meaning of the more established individual. As characterized by WHO (2012) (1) most created world nations have acknowledged the sequential age of 65 years as a meaning of old or more seasoned individual. While it has commonly been concurred by the United Nations (UN) that 60+ years is thought of as the slice off moment that alluding to a more seasoned individual (WHO, 2011). In the course of the most recent 25 years, the quantity of individuals matured 65 and over in the UK has expanded by 18%, from 8.4 million to 9.9 million, and it proceeds to consistently build (Office for National Statistics, 2010). Changing socioeconomics imply that all things considered, individuals overall are living 30 years longer than they did a hundred years back with future proceeding to increment by roughly 4 months consistently (United Nations, 2008). WHO (2011) gauges demonstrate that by 2050, more than one fourth of the populace will be matured 65 years and more seasoned. While changing socioeconomics demonstrate an unavoidable increment in populace of the more seasoned individual, examples of illness are likewise changing, with more individuals kicking the bucket from numerous incapacitating conditions, for example, cardiovascular sickness, neurological conditions, and diabetes. It could be contended that progresses in clinical information and innovation have permitted numerous patients to live more, anyway a Catch 22 of this achievement is that many will battle in overseeing such a wide scope of sicknesses, manifestations, and handicaps towards the finish of live (Wu and Quill, 2011). Definitely the consolidated weights of expanding future and more noteworthy quantities of individuals living with numerous conditions toward the finish of life imply that weight will be put on palliative wellbeing and social consideration limit so as to adjust to these evolving socioeconomics (NCPC, 2010). Palliative consideration is characterized by The World Health Organization (WHO) as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦an approach that improves personal satisfaction of patients and their families confronting the issues related with hazardous ailment, through anticipation, appraisal and treatment of agony and other physical, psychosocial and profound issues. (WHO, 2002) Physiotherapists are crucial individuals from master palliative consideration groups, with a basic task to carry out in the administration of the more seasoned individual in palliative consideration (CSP, 2004). Physiotherapists work to reestablish physical capacity, diminish agony and handicap and increment portability at last improving the life of patients, paying little heed to future (Medscape, 2011). The Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Oncology and Palliative Care (ACPOPC), rules for Good Practice (1993) portrays the job of the physiotherapist in palliative consideration as being: . . . To improve the patients personal satisfaction by assisting with accomplishing most extreme capability of utilitarian capacity and autonomy. As perceived by Baldwin and Woodhouse (2011), recovery and palliative consideration may give off an impression of being at the furthest edges of the range anyway the World Health Organizations meaning of palliative consideration (WHO, 2002) advocates offering backing to improve personal satisfaction and amplify useful capacity til' the very end. The fitting physiotherapeutic intercession can permit useful capacity and versatility levels to be amplified, subsequently improving personal satisfaction. This consequently advances freedom for the more seasoned individual confronting end of life. There is adequate proof exhibiting that activity can improve decreased portability which is so predominant among the older. In a high power quality preparing system of 100 nursing home occupants, William (1999) reasoned that in view of their low useful status and high frequency of ceaseless sickness, there is no portion of the populace that can profit more from practice than the older. A basic fundamental belief of palliative consideration is to permit the more established individual to feel enabled confronting an incredible finish. Wikman and Faitholm (2006) depict an engaged patient as a patient who works with the multidisciplinary group to define objectives and settle on treatment choices. A major segment of physiotherapy is to build up feasible objectives with patients and work in organization with both the patient and family members to accomplish these objectives. Inside palliative consideration, reasonable joint objective setting furnishes the patient with command over their treatment when they are encountering lost freedom (Robinson, 2000). In any case, paying little heed to the proof showing the advantages of physiotherapy intercession to the more seasoned individual, the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) rules (2004) found that a few patients are as yet unfit to get access to recovery administrations. It is recommended this is because of the patients needs not being perceived by social insurance individuals and an absence of partnered wellbeing experts who are sufficiently prepared being taken care of by patients under palliative consideration (NICE, 2004). In spite of the significant job physiotherapists can contribute and give to the more seasoned individual in palliative consideration, there are flow obstructions keeping the maturing populace from getting to such administrations. With the present maturing populace assessed to expand it is basic these hindrances are overwhelmed with measures set up so the requests and needs of such changing socioeconomics can be met. Until this point in time, the necessities of the more established individual in palliative consideration has not been an exploration need. Ebb and flow examine overwhelmingly centers around suggestions on the requirements of the more established individual confronting end of life rather than formal assessments of the adequacy of palliative consideration (WHO, 2004; WHO, 2011). As of not long ago palliative consideration has been to a great extent centered towards patients with a malignant growth conclusion, with a vast greater part of palliative consideration examine centering upon palliative consideration explicitly for the disease finding (Baldwin and Woodhouse 2011). Anyway it is evaluated by the National Council for Palliative Care that 300,000 individuals bite the dust every year from dynamic non-harmful illness (Royal College of Physicians, 2007). For instance, the Coronary Heart Disease Collaborative (2004) surrenders that cardiovascular breakdown produces more noteworthy misery and is related with a more regrettable visualization than numerous tumors (Baldwin and Woodhouse 2011). While an investigation by Byrne et al (2009) reasons that there is a shortage of proof recognizing the palliative consideration needs of patients with neurological conditions. Taking into account that the quantity of more established individuals having drawn out long haul ailments towards the finish of life has been anticipated to build, the incorporation of non-malignant growth related maladies inside palliative consideration is fundamental (Gott and Ingleton, 2011). In connection with suggestions from WHO (2011) rules, so as to meet the consideration needs of the more seasoned individual, the components of palliative consideration should be extended to envelop a more extensive scope of conditions. This will require understanding from social insurance staff at all levels. Conversations of maturing and palliative consideration accept that ageism is a significant factor constraining access to palliative consideration for the more seasoned individual. The TLC model of Palliative Care, Jerant et al., (2004) contends that palliative consideration is seen as a terminal occasion as opposed to a longitudinal procedure. He contends this can bring about pointless pain to the old patient experiencing incessant, gradually dynamic sicknesses (Jerant et al., 2004). The TLC model further proceeds to perceive that palliative consideration of the more seasoned individual is basic to alleviate the physical and enthusiastic entanglements that regularly go with interminable long haul end of life infections and the ailments related with maturing (Jerant et al., 2004). Subsequently, whether or not passing is up and coming, palliative consideration ought to be a significant concentration all through the maturing procedure, with physiotherapy administrations being promptly a ccessible to improve side effect control (Jerant et al., 2004). It very well may be anticipated that physiotherapy administrations will be required over a delayed period because of the more established individual confronting all the more long haul, interminable weakening maladies. This underscores the requirement for palliative consideration groups to attract upon more physiotherapists to guarantee the necessities of the more established individual are met during the finish of life. Albeit changing socioeconomics may recommend that more physiotherapists will be required in ord

How companies are using smartphone data to underwrite loans, banks lobbying to repeal consumer protection laws, and what your credit score means for your insurance premiums.

How companies are using smartphone data to underwrite loans, banks lobbying to repeal consumer protection laws, and what your credit score means for your insurance premiums. Subprime Lending News 7/13/17: Subprime Lending News 7/13/17:How companies are using smartphone data to underwrite loans, banks lobbying to repeal consumer protection laws, and what your credit score means for your insurance premiums.By Caroline ThompsonToday’s financial news roundup includes information on how being a landlord could help you get out of debt, why having no credit is no good, and why banks want to start making payday loans again. Read on for more!Having no credit can drastically increase your car insurance premiums.According to a case study done by WalletHub, Americans who have no credit pay 65 percent more for car insurance than those who have excellent credit (a score of 800 or above). Drivers with no credit in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Michigan have it worst of all, paying at least twice as much as drivers with excellent credit. The bottom line? Building credit before you buy a car can save you thousands!Companies are using smartphone data to underwrite loans.Consumers with no credit may ha ve a brand new way to qualify for loans their smartphone data! Financial companies around the world are beginning to analyze smartphone activity, and use that to decide creditworthiness. The data being used includes payment history, social media activity, phone calls, texts, and location based data, among other things. It might sound like something out of Black Mirror, but it’s a process that could help millions of people get access to a line of credit for the first time in their lives.Being a landlord could help you get out of debt.Millions of Americans pay the bills by working multiple jobs, and yet many are stuck living paycheck to paycheck. But those who discover the magic of passive income often find a way out of that weekly struggle. One way to start earning some passive income? Become a landlord! Although renting out property you own is hardly a passive experience (you’ll be on the hook for any broken appliances, and need to be on call for those late-night emergencies), Aaron Norris, a California-based real estate investor, says it’s a smart financial decision: “There are very few assets in the world that offer principal protection, inflation protection and cash flow other than real estate.”Banks push for ability to make payday loans again.A new policy analysis from the Center for Responsible Lending says that many banks are pushing for the consumer protection laws which were established in 2013 and prohibit banks from making payday loans to be repealed. Before the law went into place, six major U.S. banks were offering payday loans, and making $500 million from borrowers, many of whom found themselves stuck in a high-interest debt trap with no way out.Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedIN

Zeus - Fast Facts About the Olympian God Zeus

Name: Greek - Zeus; Roman - JupiterParents: Cronus and RheaFoster Parents: Nymphs in Crete; nursed by AmaltheaSiblings: Hestia, Hera, Demeter, Poseidon, Hades, and Zeus. Zeus was the youngest sibling and also the oldest -- since he was alive before the regurgitation of the gods by Papa Cronus.Mates: (legion:) Aegina, Alcmena, Antiope, Asteria, Boetis, Calliope, Callisto, Calyce, Carme, Danae, Demeter, Dia, Dino, Dione, Cassiopeia, Elare, Electra, Europa, Eurymedusa, Eurynome, Hera, Himalia, Hora, Hybris, Io, Juturna, Laodamia, Leda, Leto, Lysithoe, Maia, Mnemosyne, Niobe, Nemesis, Othris, Pandora, Persephone, Protogenia, Pyrrha, Selene, Semele, Taygete, Themis, Thyia [from Carlos Paradas list]Wives:  Metis, Themis, HeraChildren: legion, including: Moirai, Horae, Muses, Persephone, Dionysus, Heracles, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Hebe, Hermes, Athena, Aphrodite Role of Zeus For Humans: Zeus was god of the sky, weather, law ​and order. Zeus presides over oaths, hospitality, and suppliants.For Gods: ​Zeus was king of the gods. He was called the father of gods and men. The gods had to obey him.Canonical Olympian?  Yes. Zeus is one of the canonical Olympians. Jupiter Tonans Zeus is the king of the gods in the Greek pantheon. He and his two brothers split the rule of the world, with Hades becoming king of the Underworld, Poseidon, king of the sea, and Zeus, king of the heavens. Zeus is known as Jupiter among the Romans. In art work depicting Zeus, the king of the gods often appears in altered form. He frequently shows up as an eagle, as when he abducted  Ganymede,  or a bull. One of the main attributes of Jupiter (Zeus) was  as  a thunder god. Jupiter/Zeus sometimes takes on the characteristics of a supreme deity. In  Suppliants, of Aeschylus, Zeus is described as: king of kings, of the happy most happy, of the perfect most perfect power, blessed ZeusSup. 522. Zeus is also described by Aeschylus with the following attributes: the universal fatherfather of gods and menthe universal causethe all-seer and all-doerthe all-wise and all-controllingthe just and the executor of justicetrue and incapable of falsehood. Source:  Bibliotheca sacra Volume 16  (1859). Zeus Courting Ganymede Ganymede is known as the cupbearer of the gods. Ganymede had been a mortal prince of Troy when his great beauty caught the eye of Jupiter/Zeus. When Zeus kidnapped the most beautiful of mortals, the Trojan prince Ganymede, from Mt. Ida (where Paris of Troy was later a shepherd and where Zeus had been raised in safety from his father), Zeus paid Ganymedes father with immortal horses. Ganymedes father was King Tros, the eponymous founder of Troy. Ganymede replaced Hebe as cupbearer for the gods after Hercules married her. Galileo discovered the bright moon of Jupiter which we know of as Ganymede. In Greek mythology, Ganymede was made immortal when Zeus took him to Mt. Olympus, so its appropriate that his name should be given to a bright object that is forever in Jupiters orbit. On Ganymede, from  Vergils Aeneid Book V  (Dryden translation): There Ganymede is wrought with living art,Chasing thro Idas groves the trembling hart:Breathless he seems, yet eager to pursue;When from aloft descends, in open view,The bird of Jove, and, sousing on his prey,With crooked talons bears the boy away.In vain, with lifted hands and gazing eyes,His guards behold him soaring thro the skies,And dogs pursue his flight with imitated cries. Zeus and Danae Danae was the mother of the Greek hero Perseus. She became pregnant by Zeus in the form of a beam of sunlight or a shower of gold. Zeus offspring included  Moirai, Horae, Muses, Persephone, Dionysus, Heracles, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Hebe, Hermes, Athena, and Aphrodite. Sources Carlos Parada - ZeusTheoi Zeus

Analysis Of Kafka s The Metamorphosis - 1166 Words

Kafka is ranked among the most important writers of the twentieth century for works that express modern humanity s loss of personal and collective order. His writing describes the situations of psychological, social, political, and physical instability and confusion that defy logical explanation and which typify Kafka s conception of humanity s absurd relationship with the universe (Kafka, 2013). Although Kafka s work has elicited various critical interpretations, he himself characterized his fiction as symbolic manifestations of his â€Å"dreamlike inner life† in which he attempted to reconcile feelings of guilt and insecurity. In recent years, some critics have explored Kafka s relationship with Judaism as demonstrated by his texts. For many critics, Kafka s greatness resides in his ability to transform his private torment into universal fables. Much of Kafka s early writing is lost, but 1912 proved to be a breakthrough year for him as he wrote some of his most important stories, including The Judgment, the metamorphosis, and much of his novels. This was also the year when Kafka met Felice Bauer, to whom he was engaged (and disengaged) twice over the next five years in a storm of letters with extremely little physical interaction. His belief in the importance of marriage coupled with the need to get away from his father s influence was in perpetual conflict with his strong fear of matrimony. In the next year Kafka traveled to Vienna and Venice, and began a briefShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 3979 Words   |  16 PagesAustin Day Professor Imali Abala English 357 18 February 2015 The Theme of Alienation in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis written by Franz Kafka in 1915 is said to be one of the greatest literary works of all time and is seen as one of Kafka’s best and most popular works of literature. A relatively short novel; the story explains how the protagonist, Gregor Samsa wakes up one morning to find himself transformed into a vermin which completely estranges him from the world even moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Kafka s The Metamorphosis 989 Words   |  4 PagesFreedman’s critical essay titled â€Å"Kafka’s Obscurity† on Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis delves into the idea that from changes in the protagonist’s physical limitations, familial bonds, and his being â€Å"[he] is finally reduced to a mere speck of self-awareness which is ultimately extinguished† (Freedman 131). General questions of â€Å"why† and â€Å"how† are almost immediately dismissed due to the calm and monotonous tone that Kafka implements throughout the novel. Instead, the reader is encouraged to ponderRead MoreAnalysis Of Kafka s The Metamorphosis 2407 Words   |  10 Pagesbe fair to conclude that the society we live in undergoes a social metamorphosis into some states, conditions and status that cannot be possibly fathomed by a rational and neutral human being, in comparison to what is perceived as normal. This change is normally brought about as a result of various factors and environments that we interact with in our life. Whereas Kafka’s novella starts off with a sudden â€Å"physical metamorphosis†, plenty of accompanying psychological and sociological changes areRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 1711 Words   |  7 Pagestheme that most readers can relate to. Franz Kafka, a renowned German-speaking fiction writer of the 20th century, uses a unique style of writing that many people believe is a telling of his own life story. In his well-known short story, â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, many si milarities and connections can be seen between the main character, Gregor Samsa, and the author himself, Franz Kafka. A major comparison that can be made is the fact that both Samsa and Kafka died slow, lonesome deaths after being in aRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1873 Words   |  8 Pageswriters take their creative control to emphasize the current state of the freedom and control of the individual. Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, various World War I poems, and Brecht’s Fear and Misery of the Third Reich show the lack of individual freedom and control that people had over their lives during the destruction that occurred in the 20th century. Published in 1915, Franz Kafka wasted no time in starting his discussion about freedom and control through the life of Gregor. After he awakes and realizesRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 1087 Words   |  5 Pagesdictator that he ever go to. Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, is about a young man that wakes up one day and is a vermin and has to maneuver around his home and come to terms with his six itchy legs. It probably sounds like a load of fictitious ramblings that somehow became a classical novel. Wrong! Look a little closer and the secret message Franz Kafka wrote for his father will slowly emerge from in between the lines. In his secret message, Kafka evinces that a dictator will be a person’s end ifRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1500 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"In the morning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ verminous bug.† In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, the opening sentence introduces the main character, event and the setting. Gregor Samsa is one of the only two characters who are addressed by name, this reflects his importance in the story because he is the protagonist and he plays a central role in the lives of his family and friends. Besides introducing the central character, this opening line has a dramatic impact on readers. It draws the reader straight to Gregor Samsa’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 948 Words   |  4 PagesFreud says one way humans express their hidden feeling is through dreams. This idea is the foundation for the dream interpretation of â€Å"The Metamorphosis.† Dreams have the capacity to encapture events that never happen in reality. They connect with how people reflect their true feelings about a situation or themselves. Throughout â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, the author, Kafka, uses Gregor’s repressed feelings inc orporated with the dull setting and Gregor’s transformation to support the idea that Gregor is dreamingRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1985 Words   |  8 PagesDoes one view one’s external self, or do they see a reflection of past experience? Not many have the value of altruism, but some do. Sometimes altruism can turn extremist though, to the point where it can be a negative thing. In Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis, the main character Gregor Samsa is a workaholic that randomly one day awakens as a bug. Initially, Gregor sees himself with a condition, and then slowly tries to adapt to his bug transformation. Gregor did not put himself first when he was inRead MoreAnalysis Of Kafka s The Metamorphosis And The Women s Swimming Pool 1109 Words   |  5 Pagesyou a man? Are you a woman? What is your gender? Concept of gender and sex are very important matter for us in living in the society. In the stories, â€Å"The Metamorphosis† and  "The Women’s Swimming Pool†, it is mentioned that what the role of men and women, and what it means living as a men and women in society. In Kafka’s work â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, after Gregor Samsa was transformed into bug, he lost his own figure, his family, his job, and even himself. Before that happened, he really tried hard to

Ancient Egypt and Beauty Accessories - 1110 Words

English Project on Ancient Egypt Layana: Makeup; Ancient egyptians wore makeup. They regarded beauty as a sign of holiness. Both men and women in Egypt wore makeup, and even the statues of God wore makeup. Cleanliness and appearance of people, were highly regarded. Architects would even find tiny clay pallets in some tombs, and yes beauty was really important to the Ancient Egyptians, but makeup was a different story. Some of their makeup would be a sign of helping them with the elements, for example: repelling insects, or when the suns rays hit their eyes, the makeup would help them not get affected by the sun. Also, makeup may be served as a routine to honor their god/goddesses. The Ancient Egyptians also created black eye makeup, and they used it with galena and kohl. What galena is, is that it is a bluish gray color, with natural minerals, and kohl is a mix between galena and soot. They also created green eye makeup using malachite. Malachite is a bright green mineral, which is made by copper hydroxyl carbonate. The Ancient Egy ptians had many reasons to wear makeup. They would wear eye makeup to define the eye, and to give the eye a more cat like look. It was also a good way to prevent diseases, or any bad minerals to get into your eyes. Ancient Egyptians also wore lip gloss, or nail polish but wore them only on special occasions. As most people know, Ancient Egypt had social classes, and they mostly wear their clothes, or have different jobs, and do thingsShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between The Ancient River Valley And Mesopotamia1118 Words   |  5 Pages The Ancient River Valley’s included four main Civilizations; Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, and the Yellow River. One of the main land was Mesopotamia that is also called â€Å"the land between the rivers† as it divided the rivers Tigris and Euphrates. The other lands did not have as big of rivers as Mesopotamia but still had another mainland named Yellow River in China. These lands, because they grew around water, served a high p urpose to attract people to fish, gather wood, and to hunt for nearbyRead MoreHistory of Egyptian Jewelry1728 Words   |  7 PagesJewels of The Nile: History of Ancient Egyptian Jewelry Over thousands of years, jewelry has been worn by many people. Whether to show beauty, wealth or belief there is no era that can compare to the jewels of Ancient Egypt. At the beginning of the kingdom, precious stones and metals were discovered and worn like never seen before. Unfortunately, the remaining Egyptian jewelry that is displayed in Museums today is only a small fraction of what actually existed due to grave robbers. QuestionsRead MoreWomen in Ancient Rome1214 Words   |  5 Pageslinen, though wealthy women could wear cool silk from China, or cotton from India. Women had separate baths, or else went in the morning. A wealthy woman suffered for her beauty (though not as much as her slaves did, who might have to spend hours intricately curling and plaiting her hair). According to Martial, she kept her beauty in a hundred boxes. To prevent baldness, her slaves would rub into her scalp a mixture of rats’ heads, rats’ dung and pepper. She would pluck her eyebrows, prepare her skinRead MoreBeauty Appearance Of Beauty And Beauty911 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition of beauty is the delighted thing that associated with things as harmony of form, or color, truthful or originality (Jost). For most people beauty is mostly known for what the human eye see, which is physical appearance. Beauty can not only be appearance, but what is inside. My personal definition of beauty is something that can be seen from inside or outside, but that is a unique thing to have. Beauty is a various of the qualities that gives a sense of pleasure. The history of beauty had changedRead More Essay on Women in Iliad, Odyssey, and the Bible1544 Words   |  7 Pagesin ancient civilizations, from the famous philosophers and mathematicians of Greece to the patriarchs and subsequent kings of the nation of Israel. It would seem, however, that history has forgotten the women of these times. What of the famous female thinkers of Ancient Greece, the distinguished stateswomen of Rome? What power did they hold? What was their position in societies of the distant past? A glimpse into the roles and influence of women in antiquity can be discovered in such ancient masterpiecesRead MoreHistory And Traditions Of Egyptian Fashion3371 Words   |  14 PagesAncient Egypt is one of the civilizations that have been studied for decades, and is one of the most well known in regards of early advancements. During 3000 - 300 BC Ancient Egypt was at its peek in fashion and developed ma ny clothing and accessories that aided them for survival that is still seen in todays culture. When referring to Egypt, it is said that the word Egypt evokes the name of three women as if by magic: Hatshepsut, Nefertiti and Cleopatra. Although these women are from differentRead MoreWar, And Fashion Magazines1286 Words   |  6 Pagesdesired look. b. Eyeshadow was extended beyond the eye to make them appear larger. c. Household cosmetic names were of Max Factor and Elizabeth Arden. Max Factor became a top name in America’s beauty industry creating salons worldwide where women could now have their make-up applied on by experts. d. Women’s beauty icons were Greta Garbo, Myrna Loy, May West, Jean Harlow, Constance Bennet, Carole Lombard, and Ginger Rogers. Men picked up looks from top stars like Ronald Colman, Cary Grant, and Gary CooperRead MoreAnalysis of External and Internal Factor1720 Words   |  7 Pages2011 Dr. Richard Rowlett External and Internal Environmental Factors Analysis Cosmetics industry has been one of the most profitable industries for decades. Women desire for beauty traced back to ancient Egypt, Rome and Greece has led to development of many cosmetic company all over the world . The cosmetic, beauty supply, and perfume store generating $10 billion dollars revenue every year (Hoovers.com) with average 5.4% growth rate annually through 2010 (freedoniagroup.com). HairdressingRead MoreAnthropology of Tattoos3062 Words   |  13 Pagesthe scars into their meaningful design. She felt accomplished that she withstood the agonizing pain while other members of her clan could not. Her newly inherited body art signified the birth of her first son, and left her with a renewed sense of beauty. This is the way of life common to people indigenous to the motherland of Africa. Scarification, however, is not the only form of body art that is used. Body painting, tattooing, and branding are all similar forms of body art, which can be found inRead MorePhoenicians: The Backbone to History2801 Words   |  11 Pagesfrom construct the basis for the alphabet to creating the eye popping purple that is used throughout the world today, t hey were experienced and well trained sailors of the sea, and most of all were dominant leaders of trade. Not only did a small ancient civilization set up along the coast of the Mediterranean reveal to the world things mankind was oblivious to but created many things that impact the world today. Phoenicia was a success because they made a landmark on many countries and even helped

Event Sponsorship & Promotions

Question: Describe about the AirAsias marketing strategy. Answer: Introduction Sponsorship is the tried and the tested way to develop a companys profile within a very short time. Even though sponsorship is comparatively an old concept but it has gained attention in the recent past. In the past few decades the business environment for almost every industry has turned to be highly competitive and hence it becomes extremely important for the business to develop a strong platform through which the company can expect high generation of traffic and increased brand loyalty. It is important to mention that there are numerous small scale companies who focus on developing their market through sponsorship (Teece, 2010). Sponsorship acts as a very good way of promotion which has been applied by bigger multinationals in order to make them aware of the company and its products. In the recent past the importance of sponsorship has increased rapidly attracting many companies to use this concept and create brand awareness among the consumers. The present study will be taking an opportunity to delve deep into the concept of sponsorship and discuss the different aspects of sponsorship and its impact on the business. Since sponsorship has become a way of marketing for a company it becomes an extremely important aspect for research. The present report will be completed by taking the case study of AirAsia (Maestas, 2009). AirAsia has become one of the most renowned low cost airline services that is based out of Malaysia. The company has become a key player in the international low cost airline industry within a very short time. The company based in Kuala Lumpur the capital of Malaysia has gained a lot of confidence from its consumers as it has made flying really with its effective affordable flight packages. In the recent past the company has emerged as a very important entity in the Airline industry map (Du Sen, 2010). Even though the company has been able to drive traffic but somehow its market share is not huge and the company has a huge room for improvement. Mere generation of revenue couldnt be an attribute to compare the company with other low cost airlines like EasyJet or Southwest Airlines who have fair amount of market share. AirAsia has been chosen as the case study since it is an emerging brand and has been able to compete in the market after its inception within a very short time with the help of its effective marketing strategy but since it has not yet been able to utilise all the available resources and has failed to explore some cream parts of the world it could be suggested that the concept of sponsorship will help the company to reach these places and hence this justifies the choice of AirAsia as the case study company (Turco, 2009). Company Profile The company AirAsia was established in the year 1993 and started its operation in the year 1996. Initially it was a government owned conglomerate. The company was initially highly indebted and it was revived by the former Time Warner Executive Tony Fernandes company Tune Air Sdn Bhd. The company had around a debt of USD 11milion then and Tony Fernandes company was able to focus on developing the company and generate revenue. The company mainly focuses on providing low cost airline services that have resolved a lot of problems for people who are willing to fly but its steep price most of the times pull back consumers (Thomas et al., 2009). The company started its profit making in the 2002 when it started new routes from its hub Kuala Lumpur. The company slowly and steadily emerged as winners in the Malaysian Airline market and has been successful in completing its five years plan as revealed by its CEO Tony Fernandes. Since the company has expanded and its subsidiaries like Thai AirAs ia, Indonesia AirAsia and Philippines AirAsia have all succeeded in developing a specific market for them (Westberg Pope, 2014). The company has developed substantial assets which has made them a strong contender in the airline market. It focuses on providing clean services within an affordable range of price which attracts consumers. Since it is a low cost airline the company doesnt emphasise on providing exceptional in-flight services but focuses on providing the basic services in a better way which satisfies the consumers effectively. The company has earned overall (Nufer Buhler, 2010) revenue of around 4.2 million USD which is exceptional for a new low cost airline company. The company has its flight services running all across the Asian continent which is another key aspect for the company. The AirAsia fleets run across countries like Malaysia, China, India, Australia, Japan, Indonesia, Singapore, Cambodia et cetera (Mangold Faulds, 2009). So far it has been able to target some parts of the New Zealand as well but the company has not been able to settle itself in the European market which still remains an area to be explored. It is extremely important that the company focuses on the European Audiences and accordingly focus on developing its market strategy which would help the company to develop a strong platform in the European market. The company has tried to bring in interesting initiatives in the flight through their services which have been so far appreciable. For instance the snack attack the in-flight food purchase offer has been effective since the quality of food served is good and this has been effective in satisfying the consumers. Its recent business performance has been good and companies with total revenue of around 50.6million USD revenue. Even though the company is behind EasyJet, Ryanair and Southwest Airlines but then these companies work all around the world. The Frequent Fly initiative is an effecti ve program that will drive traffic towards the company effectively. Its luggage charges are also low as compared to other airlines when checked (Hing et al., 2013). It is important to mention that luggage charge increase when it is confirmed during the check in. The competition of AirAsia mainly comes from the EasyJet airways and Ryanair. These companies have been seen to consistently affect the business of AirAsia in the Asian market. JetStar and Qantas Airlines have also found positive signal from the consumers as growing problems with AirAsias no refund policy which has created number of disputes for the company. Hence it could be said that the company will have to have a strong strategy to maneuver these hurdles and focus on exploring new markets which would help the company to grow and develop effectively. Since the company has faced steep challenge from different companies it is important that effective strategy is implemented to combat these challenges and is able to provide the best possible services to the consumers which will help to generate traffic and also help the company to gain competitive advantage in the market (Lee Pedersen, 2011). Application of Sponsorship Marketing is a huge procedure and hence it has to be very assiduously handled. Since it is also an arduous task most of the marketing strategies focus on just creating an awareness of the company and then it doesnt carry on with the awareness procedures. The marketing strategy of AirAsia has not been all effective as it has not been able to utilise the European market. The European market is an effective market and is wide open for the low cost airlines to operate and hence AirAsia could avail these markets effectively through effective marketing. But at times as seen that marketing doesnt create that expected awareness which ultimately takes a company nowhere and this is where sponsorship comes into the picture. It is important to mention that with sponsorship number of marketing problems would be resolved and most importantly a company could create that much required awareness in a market through sponsorship easily (Filis Spais, 2012). recently for AirAsia there has been problems in Australian market where Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has filed a legal lawsuit against AirAsia stating that the company is misleading the consumers to increase traffic which means there have been faulty marketing which has triggered this turbulence and hence there is a possibility that this might affect the consumer relationship of the company. Hence it could be said that the major problem that AirAsia has faced in the recent with its marketing is lack of awareness creation. Its marketing strategy has failed to create that required awareness which would help the company to develop a strong customer base anywhere in the world. It had to stop its flights in places like Paris, Mumbai, and Chennai as well as in London due to lack of awareness. Hence in this case Sponsorship program is the best way that the company can come back to these places and create effective brand awareness among the consumers (O'guinn et al., 2014). Nowadays Sponsorship is the best possible way to gain exposure in the market and hence it is important that AirAsia uses this tool to gain attention of the consumers. Sponsorship is a way to become a financial support to a particular entity. Through sponsorship one can gain huge exposure in a particular market. It is important to mention that for AirAsia Sponsorship is an extremely important tool that could give them the much needed exposure in the airline market. There are numerous kinds of sponsorship programs but Sports Sponsorships and Charity and event sponsorship are the most common ways of gaining attention of the consumers. It is important to mention that there are number of different sports events taking place all around the world and without misleading consumers sports sponsorships could give exposure to AirAsia in the global market. It not only helps to create a platform to work all across the world but also creates loyal customer base and brand awareness (McAllister, 2010 ). Companies like Barclays Bank and Pepsi have been highly successful in developing a huge customer base and brand loyalty through Sponsorships. Recently companies like Gionee Smartphones and Waitrose have become a renowned name all through Sponsorships. Sponsorship itself works as a marketing strategy as since it is sponsoring a particular event the logo of the company can be seen all around and with simple mass media advertisement a wide dissemination of knowledge could be provided through them. This acts really effectively and the company will not get into any kind of legal problems and will not be blamed for misleading consumers. Sponsorships also reduce financial complications that are involved in marketing and also allow the company to plan strong promotional programs which would help the company (Jensen Hsu, 2011). AirAsia could implement both sport sponsorship and Charity sponsorship which would help the company to spread knowledge about its services effectively. There are major sporting events that take place around the world like the Olympics, Cricket and Football world cups et cetera. These major sporting events are widely followed and hence if AirAsia is able to act as a sponsor to them the company will be able to get huge exposure and many people will come to know about it and hence this will also increase its possibilities to increase its market (Yeoh koronios, 2010). On the other hand Charity Sponsorship will show another side of the company that is corporate social responsibility and hence this will also help the company to come closer to its customers and develop a good bond with them. It can sponsor different charity event worldwide which could help the company to get known in the different places and since low cost carrier concept is an extremely important idea that has spread its wings in the aviation industry this will help the company effectively. Hence it could be said that these two recommended strategies will be highly effective for the company to begin with (Darnall et al., 2010). 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